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TOP 200 ARTISTS OF THE 20TH CENTURY TO NOW
TIMES READERS AND SAATCHI ONLINE VISITORS VOTE FOR THEIR FAVOURITE ARTISTS
AFTER 1.4 MILLION VOTES WERE CAST, HERE ARE YOUR LEADING 200 ARTISTS:
| - | Pablo Picasso |
| - | Paul Cezanne |
| - | Gustav Klimt |
| - | Claude Monet |
| - | Marcel Duchamp |
| - | Henri Matisse |
| - | Jackson Pollock |
| - | Andy Warhol |
| - | Willem De Kooning |
| - | Piet Mondrian |
| - | Paul Gauguin |
| - | Francis Bacon |
| - | Robert Rauschenberg |
| - | Georges Braque |
| - | Wassily Kandinsky |
| - | Constantin Brancusi |
| - | Kasimir Malevich |
| - | Jasper Johns |
| - | Frida Kahlo |
| - | Martin Kippenberger |
| - | Paul Klee |
| - | Egon Schiele |
| - | Donald Judd |
| - | Bruce Nauman |
| - | Alberto Giacometti |
| - | Salvador Dalí |
| - | Auguste Rodin |
| - | Mark Rothko |
| - | Edward Hopper |
| - | Lucian Freud |
| - | Richard Serra |
| - | Rene Magritte |
| - | David Hockney |
| - | Philip Guston |
| - | Henri Cartier-Bresson |
| - | Pierre Bonnard |
| - | Jean-Michel Basquiat |
| - | Max Ernst |
| - | Diane Arbus |
| - | Georgia O'Keeffe |
| - | Cy Twombly |
| - | Max Beckmann |
| - | Barnett Newman |
| - | Giorgio De Chirico |
| - | Roy Lichtenstein |
| - | Edvard Munch |
| - | Pierre Auguste Renoir |
| - | Man Ray |
| - | Henry Moore |
| - | Cindy Sherman |
| - | Jeff Koons |
| - | Tracey Emin |
| - | Damien Hirst |
| - | Yves Klein |
| - | Henri Rousseau |
| - | Chaim Soutine |
| - | Arshile Gorky |
| - | Amedeo Modigliani |
| - | Umberto Boccioni |
| - | Jean Dubuffet |
| - | Eva Hesse |
| - | Edouard Vuillard |
| - | Carl Andre |
| - | Juan Gris |
| - | Lucio Fontana |
| - | Franz Kline |
| - | David Smith |
| - | Joseph Beuys |
| - | Alexander Calder |
| - | Louise Bourgeois |
| - | Marc Chagall |
| - | Gerhard Richter |
| - | Balthus |
| - | Joan Miro |
| - | Ernst Ludwig Kirchner |
| - | Frank Stella |
| - | Georg Baselitz |
| - | Francis Picabia |
| - | Jenny Saville |
| - | Dan Flavin |
| - | Alfred Stieglitz |
| - | Anselm Kiefer |
| - | Matthew Barney |
| - | George Grosz |
| - | Bernd And Hilla Becher |
| - | Sigmar Polke |
| - | Brice Marden |
| - | Maurizio Cattelan |
| - | Sol LeWitt |
| - | Chuck Close |
| - | Edward Weston |
| - | Joseph Cornell |
| - | Karel Appel |
| - | Bridget Riley |
| - | Alexander Archipenko |
| - | Anthony Caro |
| - | Richard Hamilton |
| - | Clyfford Still |
| - | Luc Tuymans |
| - | Claes Oldenburg |
TO SEE THE FULL 200 CLICK HERE
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Selected Works by Wangechi Mutu
Wangechi Mutu
Untitled
2003, mixed media on mylar
90 x 61 cm |
Click on images to enlarge
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Wangechi Mutu uses collage as a means of both physically and conceptually bringing layered depth to her work. Using images cut from fashion magazines, National Geographic, and books about African art, Mutu pieces together figures which are both elegant and perverse. Individual body parts comprised of found 'objects' are made to seem like odd prosthetics glued over torsos and limbs drawn in ink.
In Untitled, Mutu's surface uses these conflicting textures to draw a wide range of connotations: from glamour models, to dyed fabrics, diseased skin, and science fiction special effects. Her goddess-like figure becomes an embodiment of the disjointed facets of modern Africa, caught in the flux of Western preconception, internal turmoil, ancient tradition, and blossoming future.
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Wangechi Mutu
Untitled
2004, Mixed media collage and painting on vellum
44.5 x 47cm |
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In Untitled, Wangechi Mutu creates a glamorous, yet barbaric centrefold. Working in painting and collage on paper, Mutu exploits the physical qualities of her media to create a self-referential sensuality: the translucent crispness of the vellum relates easily to film, spilled paint stains diffuse as the subtle bruised texture of skin, and cut out blond hair and gams lend an appropriated lusty ideal.
In picturing female sexuality, Mutu offers a futuristic totality of womanhood that’s both fiery and liberated. Comprised of motorcycle parts, she’s a machine built for speed: corpulent, sexy, with the dazzling power creation.
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Wangechi Mutu
Adult Female Sexual Organs
2005, packing tape, fur, collage on found medical illustration paper
46 x 31cm |
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Wangechi Mutu observes:
“Females carry the marks, language and nuances of their culture
more than the male. Anything that is desired or despised is always
placed on the female body.” Piecing together magazine imagery
with painted surfaces and found materials, Mutu’s collages explore
the split nature of cultural identity, referencing colonial history,
fashion and contemporary African politics. In Adult Female Sexual
Organs, Mutu uses a Victorian medical diagram as a base: an archetype
of biased anthropology and sexual repression. The head is a caricatured
mask – made of packing tape, its material makes reference to
bandages, migration, and cheap ‘quick-fix’ solutions.
Mutu portrays the inner and outer ideals of self with physical attributes
clipped from lifestyle magazines: the woman’s face being a racial
distortion, her mind occupied by a prototypical white model. Drawing
from the aesthetics of traditional African crafts, Mutu engages in
her own form of story telling; her works document the contemporary
myth-making of endangered cultural heritage.
Quote from: Merrily Kerr,
Wangechi Mutu's Extreme Makeovers, Art On Paper, Vol.8, No. 6, July/August
2004. posted on:
http:// www.akrylic.com/contemporary_art_article73.htm
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Wangechi Mutu
Cancer of the Uterus
2005, Glitter, fur, collage on found
medical illustration paper
46 x 31cm |
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Wangechi Mutu’s collages seem
both ancient and futuristic; her figures aspire as a super-race, by-products
of a troubled and imposed evolution. In Cancer of the Uterus,
her figure is an ominous goddess; pasted over a pathology diagram, her
portrait is diseased at the core. Mutu uses materials which make reference
to African identity and political strife: her dazzling black glitter
is an abyss of western desire, which allude to the illegal diamond trade
and its consequences of oppression and war. From corruption and violence,
Mutu creates a glamorous beauty; her figures empowered by their survivalist
adjustment to atrocity, made immune and ‘improved’ by horror
and being victims.
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Wangechi Mutu
Complete Prolapsus of the Uterus
2004, Glitter, ink, collage on found
medical illustration paper
46 x 31cm |
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Wangechi Mutu trained as both a
sculptor and anthropologist. Complete Prolapsus of the Uterus
illustrates the marriage of these interests. Through collage, Mutu capitalised
on the two-sided nature of her materials, conveying both the content
and physicality of their sources. In using old medical diagrams, her
collages carry the authenticity of artefact, as well as an appointed
cultural value. In Complete Prolapsus of the Uterus Mutu
contrives a racial hybrid: a puckered, prudish white face masks an ancient
tribal wisdom. Mutu examines how ideology is implicitly tied to corporeal
form. She cites a European preference of physique, inflicted on and
adapted by Africans, resulting in hierarchical difference and genocide.
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Wangechi Mutu
Ectopic Pregnancy
2004, Glitter, ink, collage on found
medical illustration paper
46 x 31cm |
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Wangechi Mutu’s collage process
mimics amputation, transplant operations and torturous prosthetics.
Her figures become parody mutilations, their forms grotesquely marred
through perverse modification, echoing the atrocities of war or self-inflicted
improvements of plastic surgery. In Ectopic Pregnancy, Mutu
converts an image of reproductive malfunction into a stillborn expression;
the mouth/vagina bloodied and empty, her scarred figure struggling to
voice her identity. Mutu designs this portrait with sex-organs as face,
dressed up with glistening hair and lip-gloss: a freakish pastiche of
feminine ideals.
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Wangechi Mutu
Uterine Catarrh
2004, Glitter, ink, collage on found medical illustration paper
46 x 31cm |
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“There's this constant movement
towards historicising Africa, turning it into this archaic place.”
Wangechi Mutu explains, “… Part of my challenge…is
to envision, not so much blackness as a race, but the existence of African
elements in culture in the future and how is that possible.” The
figure in Mutu’s Uterine Catarrh is both shaman and cyborg.
Composed on antique paper, her figure shifts between totem and technological
invention, the yellowed ground giving an aura of historical reverence
to the modern gleen of shiny magazine cartridge. Mutu wittily positions
the figure over her found medical illustration, rendering it with a
‘third eye’; a speculum portal of wisdom and vision.
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Wangechi Mutu
Histology of the Different Classes of Uterine Tumors
2004, Glitter, ink, collage on found
medical illustration paper
46 x 31cm |
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In Histology of Different Classes
of Uterine Tumors, Wangechi Mutu readily confuses epidemiology
with anthropological classification. Mutu satirically identifies her
‘disease’ as a sub/post-human monster, an equally primitive
and prophetically alien species. Repulsive and ludicrous, Mutu’s
figure is also controversially attractive: its fur face and stardust
afro an epitome of funkadelic chic. Histology… embodies
a notion of identity crisis, where origination and ownership of cultural
signifiers becomes an unsettling and disputed terrain.
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Wangechi Mutu
Tumors of the Uterus
2005, collage on found
medical illustration paper
45.7 x 32.4cm |
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In her series Histology of the Different Classes of Uterine Tumour, Wangechi Mutu uses 19th century medical diagrams as a basis for invented portraiture. The original illustrations, symbolic of colonial power, suggest a wide range of cultural pre-conceptions: from the ‘superiority’ of European ‘knowledge’ to the classification of nature (and consequently race) into genealogical hierarchies. In Uterine Tumor, Mutu challenges these imposed values, using physical disease as a metaphor for social corruption.
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Wangechi Mutu
Indurated Ulcers of the Cervix
2005, collage on found
medical illustration paper
45.7 x 32.4cm |
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Pasting images taken from porn and fashion magazines over a prudish diagram of vaginal infections, Wangechi Mutu examines the perception of female sexuality. Her amalgamated portrait capitalises on the contradictions of role expectations: as western media ideal, sex goddess, and mother. Contorted in anger and crowned by black diamond dust, Mutu’s figure becomes both victim and warrior, alluding to the repercussions of female exploitation in both Africa and the west: from prostitution to sexual war crimes.
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Wangechi Mutu
Fibroid Tumors of the Uterus
2005, collage on found
medical illustration paper
45.7 x 32.4cm |
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Encapsulating the shifting identity of African culture, Wangechi Mutu draws upon existing stereotypes to construct a ‘new and improved’ race reflective of traditional values, survival of historical oppression, and thriving participation in global trend. Her Uterine Tumour portrays a figure derived of cross-cultural sources: sensuous too-big lips, suntanned gam, funky glitter, and too-cool shades pasted over a found medical diagram creates a strong and tres chic character, master of his own endemiology.
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Wangechi Mutu
Cervical Hypertrophy
2005, collage on found
medical illustration paper
45.7 x 32.4cm |
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Wangechi Mutu’s collages confront with brutal aggression; her pastiched characters become perverse amalgamations of physical and cultural ‘ideals’. In Uterine Tumour, Mutu’s male figure is assembled of mismatched body parts clipped from magazines, each an isolated feature of epitomised beauty: chiselled cheekbones, kiss-me lips, petite ears, and smouldering eyes. Together, they become a grotesque mask of racial parody. Centred over a medical illustration, her composite of physical ‘perfection’ becomes a model of contamination.
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Wangechi Mutu
Primary Syphilitic Ulcers of the Cervix
2005, collage on found
medical illustration paper
45.7 x 32.4cm |
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Wangechi Mutu harnesses the fear of the unfamiliar as a tool of power. Formed from cut and paste, Mutu’s creations are hybrids of multiple sources referencing the scars of cultural imposition. Placed atop medical diagrams, they feed off their cancerous classifications, directly confronting cultural preconception and bias. Set around image of an invasive gynaecological procedure, the woman in Primary Syphilitic Ulcers of the Cervix garners her strength from the source of her molestation. Disaffected and immune, Mutu’s distressing figure is comprised of the horrific myths of our own making.
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Wangechi Mutu
Ovarian Cysts
2005, collage on found
medical illustration paper
45.7 x 32.4cm |
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Wangechi Mutu uses collage as a metaphor for the shifting concepts of global identity. In Ovarian Cysts Mutu unites a medical diagram, an archaeological photograph, and kitsch advertisement within a glittery death-head; each element conveying disjointed and dislocated associations of Africa. Drawing from colonialism, ancient history, contemporary politics, and lifestyle ideals, Mutu creates an emblem of tribute, encompassing both a tormented past and powerful future.
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Wangechi Mutu
Mask
2006
mixed media
collage
16.5 x 12.7cm |
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Wangechi Mutu’s Mask draws provocative comparison between archaeology and sexual fetishism. Pasted over the photo of a museum relic, her saucy model becomes a temptress of caricatured exotica. Encasing the woman’s body and face in a cut out of a voodoo sculpture, Mutu envelops her cover girl as a product of typecast desire and roleplay: warrior-princess, s&m freak, chastity-belted virgin. Overlapping the controversial facets of cultural association, Mutu’s figure beacons as a subversive dominatrix, shrewdly co-opting the rules of hierarchy, power, and manipulation.
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Wangechi Mutu
Backlash Blues
2004
ink, acrylic, photocollage, contact paper, on mylar
198 x 119.4 cm |
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Painted on mylar, Wangechi Mutu’s Backlash Blues conveys an otherworldly quality: the paint and ink suspends on the plasticy vellum-like surface with an unnatural luminosity. Using a variety of techniques from airbrush to stencilling, controlled spills, and detailed brushwork, Mutu’s image poses as a composite of gesture; collaged photographic elements merge seamlessly into the painterly aesthetic. Incorporating both the organic patterns of dyed fabric and the exaggerated flourish of fashion illustration, Mutu’s wild figure exudes an apocalyptic glamour, fusing tribal ‘primitivism’ with the exotica of radical chic.
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Wangechi Mutu
My Strength Lies
2006
ink, acrylic, photo collage, contact paper, on Mylar
228.6 x 137.2 cm |
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